Published by Align Commodities

2026 Coffee Market Outlook

Annual Coffee Market Forecast for 2026

📅 Published: November 27, 2025

Executive Summary: Order Amid Uncertainty

In 2025, the global coffee market found itself in the midst of a 'Perfect Storm' where climate crisis, geopolitical conflict, and trade barriers occurred simultaneously. Historic droughts in Brazil's Minas Gerais and poor harvests in Vietnam drove both Arabica and Robusta prices to historic highs.

The 2026 market enters a new phase beyond simple supply-demand recovery. ① La Niña climate transition, ② EUDR (Deforestation Regulation) 1-year implementation delay leading to short-term supply stabilization, ③ Structural logistics cost increases are all working in combination. The EU's EUDR 1-year delay decision has significantly reduced the possibility of regulatory supply shocks in 2026, but a 'high-cost era' where the cost of production itself has structurally increased will become the new normal.

440.85¢ 2025 Arabica Peak
$5,000 Robusta Peak per Ton
398,645 ICE Certified Stock (bags) - 1.75yr Low
61% 2026 La Niña Probability
Core Insight: The price floor for 2026 has structurally risen. While the EU's EUDR 1-year delay has eased short-term regulatory shocks, climate risk premiums and rising production costs make a return to sub-200 cent pricing unlikely.

2025 Market Review: Supply Chain Breakdown

2025 was a year when price levels stepped up a notch. Arabica futures broke through 400 cents per pound, staging the most powerful bull market since the 1970s. 'Panic Buying' dominated the market, and the traditional harvest-season price decline (Seasonality) pattern disappeared.

Period Arabica (¢/lb) Robusta ($/ton) Key Drivers
Feb 2025 440.85 (Peak) 3,800~4,000 Early Brazil drought concerns, aggressive speculative capital inflows
Jul 2025 320~350 4,200 Vietnam harvest delays, logistics difficulties from Panama Canal slot reductions
Nov 2025 411.60 4,693 (Peak) Minas Gerais rainfall at 49% of normal, US tariff issues

2025 Pain Points by Market Participant

🌱 Green Bean Producers

"Paradox of Price: Plenty of Poverty"

  • Illusory Profits: While market prices were high, harvest volumes dropped 20-30% due to drought, actually reducing farmers' real incomes.
  • Default Risk: Temptation to abandon forward contracts made at lower prices and sell on spot markets led to credit crises and penalty disputes.
  • Cost Surge: Rising fertilizer and labor costs pushed break-even points to historic highs.

☕ Roasteries

"Fear of Profitable Bankruptcy (Cash Crunch)"

  • Working Capital Depletion: With bean prices doubling, twice as much cash was needed to maintain the same inventory, leading healthy small-medium roasters to bankruptcy from liquidity shortages.
  • Margin Pressure: Inability to fully pass cost increases to consumers caused operating margins to plummet to single digits.
  • Forced Quality Compromise: Survival required 'downgrading' - reducing Arabica content and increasing Robusta blend ratios.

📈 Traders

"Liquidity Crisis on Thin Ice"

  • Margin Call Bombs: Soaring futures prices caused exchange margin calls to explode, drying up funding for small-medium traders.
  • Counterparty Risk: Double Default Risk - shipping delays/refusals at origin, payment delays/bankruptcies from roasters at destination.
  • Accelerated Restructuring: Cash-strapped traders exited the market, consolidating around larger players.

5 Key Drivers That Will Determine the 2026 Market

01

Brazil Coffee Production

Price Impact: Very High

Current Analysis: 2025/26 season Brazil Arabica production is estimated at 34.4-37.0 million bags (Volcafe-Conab), down about 10% from the previous year due to historically severe drought and extreme 40°C temperatures. Notably, Minas Gerais, which accounts for 70% of total production, recorded only 70% of average rainfall.

The 2026/27 crop is expected to increase due to the on-year cycle, but recovery potential is uncertain due to August 2025 frost damage (412,000 bags loss) and cumulative tree stress over 5 years.

Bull Scenario (20%)
2026/27 Crop 72M+ bags
  • Adequate Sep-Oct rainfall
  • No frost damage
  • Fertilizer input normalization
Base Scenario (50%)
2026/27 Crop 68-70M bags
  • On-year cycle increase
  • Limited recovery due to tree weakening
  • Marginal climate conditions
Bear Scenario (30%)
2026/27 Crop below 65M bags
  • La Niña intensifies → drought
  • Additional frost damage
  • Unfavorable flowering conditions
ScenarioProduction OutlookPrice ImpactTarget Range
Bull72M+ bags-35 to -50¢300-330¢/lb
Base68-70M bags-10 to +10¢350-380¢/lb
BearBelow 65M bags+30 to +60¢410-440¢/lb

Key Monitoring: Sep-Oct 2025 flowering period rainfall, Jun-Jul 2026 frost risk, Conab 1st estimate (May 2026).

02

ICE Stock Levels & Supply Chain Normalization

Price Impact: High

Current Analysis: November 2025 ICE certified stocks are at 398,000 bags, a 1.75-year low. US roaster inventories were depleted during the tariff period, and even after tariff removal, logistics normalization will take 6-8 weeks. Historically, stocks below 500,000 bags have formed a structural premium of 20-40 cents.

Fast Recovery (25%)
Stock 700K+ bags (H2 2026)
  • Brazil exports surge
  • Vietnam hoarding resolves
Gradual Recovery (55%)
Stock 500-600K bags (end 2026)
  • Delayed logistics normalization
  • Limited supply increase
Further Decline (20%)
Stock remains below 400K bags
  • Production shortfall worsens
  • Delivery pressure increases
03

US Tariff Policy (Post-Removal Impact)

Price Impact: Medium

Current Analysis: The November 20, 2025 Trump executive order removed tariffs from 50% to 0%. While this is a short-term price bearish factor, the supply chain distortion formed over 3 months (inventory depletion, contract cancellations) will persist through H1 2026.

Policy Stability (60%)
0% Tariff Maintained
  • US-Brazil relations improve
  • No additional threats
Limited Reimposition (30%)
10-20% Tariff Imposed
  • Trade negotiation difficulties
  • Political pressure
High Tariff Return (10%)
30%+ Tariff Reimposed
  • Trade war resumes
  • Diplomatic breakdown
04

EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) Delay

Price Impact: Medium (2027 Implementation)

Current Analysis: In November 2025, the EU Parliament approved a 1-year delay of EUDR implementation. This means the effective date for large companies is now December 30, 2026, and for SMEs June 30, 2027. This delay provides preparation time for origin countries and importers, but the fundamental requirements (geographic data, traceability) remain unchanged.

Market Impact: The EUDR delay means limited direct impact on the 2026 coffee market. However, as this is a delay not cancellation, the industry must continue building compliance systems. In the short term, continued imports of coffee from deforestation regions in Africa, Indonesia, and South America could be a supply increase factor.

Key Assessment: The EUDR 1-year delay has significantly reduced the possibility of regulatory supply shocks in the 2026 coffee market. However, origin countries and importers must accelerate traceability system construction ahead of 2027 implementation, and these costs will gradually be reflected in prices.
05

USD/BRL Currency Dynamics

Price Impact: Medium

Current Analysis: November 2025 exchange rate is 5.38. A weak Real incentivizes exports, while a strong Real suppresses them. 2026 consensus is the 5.40-5.80 range.

Real Strength (25%)
4.80 - 5.20
Supply tightens → Price rise (+10-20¢)
Limited Weakness (50%)
5.40 - 5.80
Neutral impact (±5¢)
Real Plunge (25%)
6.00+
Selling surges → Price drop (-15-25¢)

Potential Black Swan Risks

🚨 Super La Niña and Brazil Flowering Failure

If a strong La Niña develops and prevents rain in southeastern Brazil during the September-October 2026 flowering period, consecutive poor harvests would be confirmed. In this case, Arabica futures could break 500 cents and enter uncharted territory.

🍂 Coffee Leaf Rust Mutation and Spread

Climate change has increased pest activity, with rising cases of resistant variety infections in Vietnam and Central America. If Vietnam's recovery expectations are dashed by leaf rust, the Robusta supply chain would face a critical blow.

🚢 Geopolitical Complex Crisis Leading to Logistics Paralysis

If Panama Canal and Red Sea blockades overlap, severe Price Dislocation would result.

2026 Price Outlook Scenarios (¢/lb)

Based on comprehensive data analysis, here are three scenarios for 2026 Arabica (KC) prices.

Base Case (50%)
Gradual Correction
KC: 320-360¢
• Brazil 26/27 bumper crop (70M+ bags)
• Vietnam production normalizes
• La Niña impact limited
• H1 peak then H2 downward stabilization
Bear Case (30%)
Sharp Drop & Stabilization
KC: 250-300¢
• Brazil/Vietnam bumper harvests
• Global recession depresses demand
• Large-scale speculative liquidation
• Attempt to return to pre-2024 levels
Bull Case (20%)
Super Cycle Continues
KC: 450-520¢
• Strong La Niña extends Brazil drought
• Leaf rust halts Vietnam recovery
• Inflation hedge demand explodes
• Potential new all-time highs

Conclusion & Strategic Recommendations

"The Descent is Rough"

While 2026/27 season supply surplus transition is likely, structurally higher production costs make a return to the cheap prices of the past unlikely.

Roaster Strategy
  • Advance Inventory: To prepare for H1 2026 price volatility, recommend securing 60-70% of H1 volume in Q1.
  • Diversify Sourcing: Reduce Brazil dependency and expand Colombia/Central America volumes with confirmed data tracking. (EUDR 2027 preparation)
  • Cost Management: Prepare R&D for flexible Robusta blending ratio adjustment for extended high-cost era.
  • EUDR Preparation: Gradually build supply chain traceability systems in preparation for 2027 implementation.
📈 Trader Strategy
  • Spread Trading: Calendar spreads targeting H1 tight supply (backwardation) vs H2 surplus (contango) - Long Mar/Short Jul.
  • Volatility Play: Options buying (Straddle) effective for La Niña news-driven spikes.
  • Key Levels: Buy at 330¢ support, sell on failure to break 400¢ resistance.

Disclaimer: This report is market analysis based on publicly available information as of November 27, 2025, and is not investment advice. Coffee futures trading carries risk of principal loss. Past performance does not guarantee future returns.